atrophy

英 [ˈætrəfi]

美 [ˈætrəfi]

n.  萎缩
v.  萎缩; 衰退

过去式：atrophied　过去分词：atrophied　复数：atrophies　现在分词：atrophying　第三人称单数：atrophies　

TOEFLGRE医学

BNC.24880 / COCA.19731

牛津词典

noun

• 萎缩
  the condition of losing flesh, muscle, strength, etc. in a part of the body because it does not have enough blood
  1. The cultural life of the country will sink into atrophy unless more writers and artists emerge.
     如果没有更多的作家和艺术家出现，这个国家的文化生活将衰退。

verb

• 萎缩；衰退
  if a part of the body atrophies , it becomes weak because it is not used or because it does not have enough blood
  1. Memory can atrophy through lack of use.
     记忆力不常使用就会衰退。

柯林斯词典

• VERB （肌肉或身体其他部分）萎缩
  If a muscle or other part of the bodyatrophies, it decreases in size or strength, often as a result of an illness.
  1. Scott's muscle atrophied, his leg became stunted, and he was left lame...
     斯科特的肌肉萎缩,一条腿发育不完全，成了个瘸子。
  2. Patients exercised their atrophied limbs in the swimming pool.
     病人们在泳池里锻炼萎缩的四肢。
  3. Atrophyis also a noun.
     
  4. ...exercises to avoid jelling and atrophy of cartilage.
     防止软骨硬化和萎缩而进行的锻炼
• VERB （事物的尺寸、程度、影响力等由于不使用或未受到保护而）变小，退化
  If somethingatrophies, its size, degree, or effectiveness decreases because it is not used or protected.
  1. If you allow your mind to stagnate, this particular talent will atrophy...
     如果你老不用脑，那么这一特殊才能就会退化。
  2. Many hoped he would renew the country's atrophied political system.
     很多人都期望他能使该国萎靡的政治体系振作起来。
  3. Atrophyis also a noun.
     
  4. ...levels of consciousness which are nowadays usurped by television and in danger of atrophy.
     如今被电视所侵占而可能会逐渐丧失的思想意识

英英释义

noun

• any weakening or degeneration (especially through lack of use)
  Synonym:withering
• a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse
  Synonym:wastingwasting away

verb

• undergo atrophy
  1. Muscles that are not used will atrophy

双语例句

• Unlike skeletal muscles, facial muscles do not immediately start to atrophy.
  面肌不象骨骼肌，面肌不会马上开始萎缩。
• Female patients can be accompanied by vaginal dryness, burning, genital atrophy.
  女性患者还可伴有阴道干燥，烧灼感，外阴萎缩。
• Physical atrophy of the optic nerves.
  视神经的物理性萎缩。
• Striated muscle cells became degeneration, swelling and atrophy.
  横纹肌纤维变性、肿胀，细胞萎缩。
• Or they may indicate that some common underlying process affects both brain atrophy and cardiorespiratory fitness.
  或者可以说明一些共同的潜在过程可以同时改善脑萎缩和心肺适应性。
• Another mechanism leading to degeneration and atrophy following traditional open surgery is muscle denervation.
  另外一项导致传统开放式术后肌肉变性和萎缩的机制是去神经支配。
• Symmetrical atrophy of diaphysis in 14;
  骨干对称性萎缩变细14例；
• Analysis of external anal sphincter electromyography and autonomic nervous dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy
  帕金森病和多系统萎缩患者的肛门括约肌肌电图与自主神经功能障碍分析
• CNS infections may be associated with brain atrophy, with resultant microcephaly and ventriculomegaly.
  CNS感染可与脑萎缩有关，伴有小头畸形和脑室扩大的后果。
• A nerve pathway ( neuro-association) unused will gradually atrophy.
  神经通道（神经链）不去用，会逐渐萎缩。